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OSMOSIS

One must fully understand the history to appreciate today’s textbook thermodynamic theory of osmosis.

Endosmometer by Dutrochet

Nobel Lecture by Jacobus H. van’t Hoff

van’t Hoff Nobel prize for his work with osmotic pressure. The theory of Osmosis is not the theory of osmotic pressure.. See Atkins applied pressure to a vessel of water raises the vapor pressure..

Osmosis History 2

Jean-Antoine “Abbe” Nollet (1700 – 1770) was a scientist and a priest.   He was noted for his scientific experiments with electricity, physics and for discovering Osmosis (1748).   He conducted a simple experiment with water, a membrane from an animal bladder, and wine.  Perhaps: he just wanted to find out why his Pee was yellow instead ….  Read More

Osmosis Experiment

What is difference between Osmosis and Diffusion?

 Osmosis is the movement of a solvent across a semi permeable membrane into a more dilute solution of the solvent.   The semi permeable membrane prevents the solute from passing through the membrane.    The original osmosis experiment used water and wine. Later experimenters found the same behavior using a sugar water solution instead of wine.    Various ….  Read More

Osmosis

After our papers on seed storage were rejected several times, we found that our design approach for seed storage warehouses was different from published works on the theory of osmosis.   We had several warehouses installed around the country.   All installations  are still working.   They are maintaining temperature and relative humidity at design conditions.    Either the ….  Read More

Covid 19 Continued

As I entered my favorite hardware store I saw multiple containers of hand sanitizer and cleaning agents on display.   Many boasted 99.9% kill rate for germs.  (The alcohol content is greater than the 60%.)   But Covid-19 is not a germ.  It is a virus.  A virus is an exceedingly small nonliving, oily particle that contains ….  Read More

Moist Air Properties

Heat and moisture enter the warehouse through the walls and with outside air, some heat and moisture may be exchanged with the seed when it is introduced to the warehouse.   An air cooler (refrigeration unit) is designed to remove heat and moisture to maintain the constant temperature relative humidity (rh) during the hot summer months.  ….  Read More

Water Purification

Water Purification Osmosis, the simple experiment of a column of wine capped at the bottom with a membrane from a pig’s bladder and immersed into a vessel of pure water has intrigued many for 200 years.  Although Priest Nollett expected that the column of wine would force flow downward through the membrane into the water, ….  Read More

Cell Transport Models

We have looked at vesicles, cell behavior, and biological osmosis.    Basically, living organisms are composed of single or multiple cells.    From the “Fundamentals of Medical Physiology”,   we know that the cell is the smallest unit of life and  cells are the fundamental building block of all living things.    Cells take in nutrients to generate energy ….  Read More

Osmosis History

We recently requested a professional review for our book “Osmosis: The Molecular Theory”.      That was again an interesting experience.     We have had the opportunity to find reviewers who are incompetent or dishonest.  Sometimes it is difficult to spot the difference from a short conversation.  So,  we will review osmosis history once again.    Osmosis was discovered ….  Read More